The digestive tract is also at risk for inflammation that can cause an increase in intestinal permeability and subsequent risk of bacterial translocation. Cardiac surgery can increase the risk of renal tubular injury and edema, as well as contribute to a decreased glomerular filtration rate. Organ systems including the lungs, kidneys, and digestive tract all carry a risk of inflammation and edema in cardiac surgical patients, 1 resulting in a change in caloric demand. Cardiac Surgery Implications on Metabolism and NutritionĬardiac surgery brings several predictable physiological responses with inflammation being a major complication.
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